Gestures and Knowledge
New Research: How Kids Triple Their Math Skills
Remember the expression, It is All Greek to Me? Algebra is
comparable to Chinese to 3rd and 4th grade American students.
But wait, there is more.
A new study published July ’07 in the Journal Cognition, led
by University of Rochester scientist, Susan Wagner Cook, offers
evidence hand gestures can 3x math learning.
Start Pointing
First, stop telling students it is impolite to point, because
pointing at an Algebraic equation is exactly what triples their
learning skills. Hand gestures appear to help students take in
abstruse concepts by adding a physical component to their
cognitive one.
Teachers know Math is a left-brain (hemispheric) skill using
logical analysis and reasoning. Now imagine adding the synaptic
brainpower of their right-hemisphere to solving the math
challenge.
Pointing at the algebraic problem triggers your right-brain
attributes of pattern-recognition and spatial organizing. For
brilliant stars who need to know, you bring on the neuronal
stage your brainstem, thalamus, and basal ganglia, to
complement the left-brain activation of your PFC PreFrontal
Cortex.
Integrating left and right hemispheric skills triples (3x)
math learning and student long-term memory, according to
scientist Cook. Ninety percent of the students in the study who
learned by gesture remembered the algebraic concepts taught
three weeks later.
Compare this to students who did not gesture (point). Only
thirty-three percent of the non-pointers could recall what they
had been taught (the algebraic principles) three-weeks
later.
Cook said, my intuition is that gestures enhance learning
because they capitalize on the human experience of acting in
the world. She is referring to our capacity for learning from
the environment by changing our behaviors as required.
Gestures as a direct form of communication led to a team
effort by our ancestors on the hunt. Hand gestures made Homo
sapiens the leading predator, one who brought home the bacon.
It had survival value in pre-history and still does in
learning.
Reading
Pointing at the sentences while reading has been used by the
ancient Hebrews for a couple of thousand years. The pointer is
called a Yad, translated as hand because of the shape of its
tip or cursor.
When reading the Torah (the written law) left-to-right
today, the Yad is still used to focus the eyes on comprehending
and reading aloud each sentence of the manuscript.
Pacing
When a student uses a pen, laser instrument or the cursor of
the computer mouse, to underline the sentences on the page, it
acts like a pacer. The act of Pointing forces the eye to play
catch-up with the moving object moving horizontally across the
page.
It is a human instinct for our eyes to automatically follow
a moving (pacer) object. It is the basis of speed learning as
discovered by Evelyn Wood (1909-1995), a Utah schoolteacher.
The result of this moving hand gesture is to help triple
reading speed of students and adults while maintaining
equivalent or better comprehension.
Question: in both math and reading, is using hand gestures
responsible for extra information and responsible for tripling
their learning?
Weird
Human language began with gesturing. An article by a
linguistics professor at Emery University published in May ’07
in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
declared, bonobos and chimpanzees use manual gestures of their
hands more than facial and vocalization expressions to
communicate.
Sophisticated Folks
If I held my hand palm up, would you recognize the gesture as
Stop?
If Hilary Clinton was trying to get your vote by telling you
she was in favor more nuclear plants to replace Arab oil, and
held her right hand across her heart, would you associated that
gesture with - Believe-Me and My-Hand-to-God?
By the way, the U.S. government research over the past
thirty-years proves beyond a reasonable doubt nuclear plants
are 100% safe.
You are knowledgeable about dozens of gestures - how about
thumb and index finger circled in an OK sign?
What about your thumb-up for right-on, and thumb-down for
squash the sucker?
Each country has its own set of hand gestures, first and
foremost are Italians.
Did you know that nodding (up-and-down) is not universally
associated with yes, I agree? In Bulgaria, Sri Lanka and some
Greek Islands, it signifies, no with a capital nyet. It is
speculated nodding originated from the ancient form of bowing
to the nobility and evolved to an affirmation of agreement.
Endwords
Some teachers have become symbols of the status-quo, our
comfort-zone and stubborn resistance to academic change. We
commend their status as guardians of the Knowledge Economy by
advancing learning in math, language and science.
We suggest the Three-Rs is not all-wrong, nor new academic
approaches all-right. Each teacher is a scientific experimenter
with each of her classes. The basis of this article is to
investigate new scholarship to improve how teachers
successfully deliver information. We owe to the profession of
education and to our own sense of identify.
Many of us are familiar with the Butterfly Effect: small
changes lead to massive reactions. Edward Lorenz, MIT. He also
asked the question, Predictability: Does the flap of a
butterfly’s wings in Brazil set off a tornado in Texas?
We end with three seminal comments from A. Einstein and one
by Napoleon Hill.
a) Experiencing is knowledge. Everything else is
information.
b) Not everything that counts can be counted. And not
everything that can be counted - counts.
c) Imagination is more important than information. One fades
into insignificance in five-years or so, the other connects us
to the Cosmos.
d) Every adversity carries with it the seed of an equivalent
or greater benefit. (N.Hill)
Author of Speed Learning for Professionals, published by
Barron's; partner of Evelyn Wood, creator of speed reading,
graduating two million, including the White House staffs of
four U.S. Presidents.
Interviewed by the Wall Street Journal and fortune Magazine
for major articles.
http://www.speedlearning.org hbw@speedlearning.org
copyright 2007 H. Bernard Wechsler
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